Jan Toorop, 1892
Photo: Willem Witsen
Dame en blanche (detail), 1886
Les Rodeurs (detail), 1889
Herfstlaan (detail), 1908
Jean Theodoor Toorop was born on 20 December 1858 in Purworejo, Java, Dutch East Indies.
In 1872, he moved with his family to the Netherlands, where he studied in Delft and Amsterdam.
In 1880 he became a student at the Rijksakademie in Amsterdam.
From 1882 to 1886 he lived in Brussels, where he joined Les XX (Les Vingts),
a group of artists centred around James Ensor.
Toorop worked in various different styles during these years, such as Realism, Impressionism
Neo-Impressionism and Post-Impressionism.
After his marriage to an English woman, Annie Hall, in 1886, Toorop alternated his time between The Hague, England and Brussels, and after 1890 also the Dutch seaside towns of Katwijk aan Zee and Domburg.
During this period he developed his own unique Symbolist style, with dynamic, unpredictable lines based on Javanese motifs, highly stylised willowy figures, and curvilinear designs.
Thereafter he turned to Art Nouveau styles, in which a similar play of lines is used for decorative purposes, without any apparent symbolic meaning.
In 1905 he converted to Catholicism and began producing religious works.
He also created book illustrations, graphical works, and stained glass designs.
Owners of original works by Jan Toorop are encouraged to register their works in our research center