O grave, where is thy Victory
O grave, where is thy Victory    1892
60.4 x 75.3 cm 
Pencil and chalk on paper 
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam 
 
An enigmatic depiction with whimsical trees and two mysterious women with slim, elegant bodies and flowing hair. The women, modern angels as it were, pull away the thorny boughs growing over a dying (or dead) man. The man lies beside an open grave, his legs hanging limply over the side. The three threatening personages at their feet (right) make fists and stretch their claw-like hands towards him. Toorop explained that these characters are the earthly passions of the dying figure: Resentment, Envy, Jealousy, Hate, Love and Conflict. They are trying to hold on to the dying person. The two women, on the other hand, are trying to free him from earthly life and earthly suffering, symbolised here by the branches of thorns. at their feet (right) make fists and stretch their claw-like hands towards him. 'O Grave where is thy Victory' is the title of this fascinating drawing by Jan Toorop. It is a good example of his symbolist work. It shows no objective depiction of reality but rather an image filled with dreams, visions and emotions. The title is taken from the Bible: O Death, where is thy sting? O Grave, where is thy Victory? The text is found in 1 Corinthians 15:55. Presumably, Toorop read the text in the Bible owned by his English wife Annie Hall, whom he married in 1886.